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Considerations when Installing a new Windows Server 2008 domain in an existing Windows 2000/2003 forest
When you install AD to create the first domain controller in a new Windows Server 2008 domain, you must keep the following considerations in mind:
- Before you create a new Windows Server 2008 domain in a Windows 2000/2003 forest, you must prepare the forest for Windows Server 2008 by extending the schema (that is, by running ADPREP /forestprep).
- You must make domain functional level decisions that determine whether your domain can contain domain controllers that run Windows 2000 Server, Windows Server 2003, or both. To read more about forest and domain functional levels please refer to the links below.
- We recommend that you host the PDC emulator operations master role in the forest root domain on a domain controller that runs Windows Server 2008.
Installing Active Directory Domain Services (AD-DS)
In Windows Server 2008, unlike previous server operating Systems, there is an additional step that needs to be taken before running DCPROMO to promote the server to Domain Controller and installing Active Directory on it. This step is the installation of Active Directory Domain Services (AD-DS) role on the server. In fact, the AD-DS role is what enables the server to act as a Domain Controller, but you will still need to run DCPROMO the regular way.
AD-DS can be installed in one of 3 methods:
Method 1 – Server Manager/Initial Configuration Tasks
Roles can and should be added from Server Manager (but they can also be initiated from the Initial Configuration Tasks wizard that auto-opens the first time you log on to the server).
1. Open Server Manager by clicking the icon in the Quick Launch toolbar, or from the Administrative Tools folder.
2. Wait till it finishes loading, then click on Roles > Add Roles link.
3. In the Before you begin window, click Next.
4. In the Select Server Roles window, click to select Active Directory Domain Services, and then click Next.
5. In the Active Directory Domain Services window read the provided information if you want to, and then click Next.
6. In the Confirm Installation Selections, read the provided information if you want to, and then click Next.
7. Wait till the process completes.
8. When it ends, click Close.
9. Going back to Server Manager, click on the Active Directory Domain Services link, and note that there's no information linked to it, because the DCPROMO command has not been run yet.
10. Now you can click on the DCPROMO link, or read on.
Method 2 – Servermanagercmd.exe
Servermanagercmd.exe is the command prompt equivalent of the Add Roles and Add Features wizards in Server Manager. Through the use of various command line options, you can quickly and easily add or remove features and roles to or from your server, including the AD-DS role.
To install AD-DS by using Servermanagercmd.exe, simply enter the following command in the Command Prompt window:
Servermanagercmd.exe –I ADDS-Domain-Controller
Let the command run and when it finishes, AD-DS will be installed on the server.
Method 3 – Letting DCPROMO do the job
Oh yes. If you forget to install AD-DS or simply want to skip clicking on some windows, you can run DCPROMO from the Run command and before it is executed, the server will check to see if the AD-DS binaries are installed. Since they are not, they will auto-install.
After you complete the Add Roles Wizard, either click the link to start the Active Directory Domain Services Installation Wizard, or close Server Manager and manually run DCPROMO from the Run command.
Running DCPROMO
After installing the AD-DS role, we need to run DCPROMO to perform the actual Active Directory database and function installation.
1. To run DCPROMO, enter the command in the Run command, or click on the DCPROMO link from Server Manager > Roles > Active Directory Domain Services.
2. Depending upon the question if AD-DS was previously installed or not, the Active Directory Domain Services Installation Wizard will appear immediately or after a short while. Click Next.
3. In the Operating System Compatibility window, read the provided information and click Next.
4. In the Choosing Deployment Configuration window, click on "Create a new domain in a new forest" and click Next.
5. Enter an appropriate name for the new domain. Make sure you pick the right domain name, as renaming domains is a task you will not wish to perform on a daily basis. Click Next.
6. Pick the right forest function level. Windows 2000 mode is the default, and it allows the addition of Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003 and Windows Server 2008 Domain Controllers to the forest you're creating.
7. Pick the right domain function level. Windows 2000 Native mode is the default, and it allows the addition of Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003 and Windows Server 2008 Domain Controllers to the domain you're creating.
8. The wizard will perform checks to see if DNS is properly configured on the local network. In this case, no DNS server has been configured, therefore, the wizard will offer to automatically install DNS on this server.
9. It's most likely that you'll get a warning telling you that the server has one or more dynamic IP Addresses. Running IPCONFIG /all will show that this is not the case, because as you can clearly see, I have given the server a static IP Address. So, where did this come from? The answer is IPv6. I did not manually configure the IPv6 Address, hence the warning. In a network where IPv6 is not used, you can safely ignore this warning.
10. You'll probably get a warning about DNS delegation. Since no DNS has been configured yet, you can ignore the message and click Yes.
11. Next, change the paths for the AD database, log files and SYSVOL folder. For large deployments, carefully plan your DC configuration to get the maximum performance. When satisfied, click Next.
12. Enter the password for the Active Directory Recovery Mode. This password must be kept confidential, and because it stays constant while regular domain user passwords expire (based upon the password policy configured for the domain, the default is 42 days), it does not. This password should be complex and at least 7 characters long. We strongly suggest that you do NOT use the regular administrator's password, and that you write it down and securely store it. Click Next.
13. In the Summary window review your selections, and if required, save them to an unattend answer file. When satisfied, click Next.
14. The wizard will begin creating the Active Directory domain, and when finished, you will need to press Finish and reboot your computer.
Note: You can automate the rebooting process by checking the Reboot on Completion checkbox.
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